December 16, 2021
Greenhouse is also called the greenhouses, basically have glass greenhouse, plastic greenhouse, the greenhouse structure should be sealed heat preservation, but should facilitate ventilation cooling, has in modern greenhouse control temperature and humidity, illumination condition such as equipment, computer automatic control best environment conditions required to create plants, the following will introduce greenhouses construction method.
First, level off the land and line
According to the plan of the solar greenhouse designed, the azimuth Angle of the disc is measured to determine the four corners of the greenhouse, and the four corners of the greenhouse are covered with hidden piles, and then the location of the gable and back wall is determined.
Second, the walls
The soil used for building the earth wall can be the soil outside the back wall of the greenhouse, or the soil below the cultivated surface of the front of the greenhouse. If you use greenhouse before the deep earth, can plow layer (thick about 25 cm) dig out, put to one side, to the bottom of the soil watering, a day later, dig the soil to do earth wall.
Press the thickness of the earth wall to make splint first, fill the wet earth that just dug out, with earth tamper or electric tamper tamper, each layer is about 20 centimeters, after tamping a layer, make the second layer again, until reach the requirement height. The gable and the back wall should be done together, not in sections, only in this way can it be strong. If the viscosity of the soil is not enough, it can be mixed with straw. Some areas of the soil viscosity is very low, can not use the method of ramming wall, then can be mixed into a certain amount of wheat straw and mud in the soil, make adobe, adobe dry, sleep adobe wall.
When building a wall, the adobe should be strictly blocked with grass mud, and the inside and outside of the wall should also be coated with grass mud. When the brick wall construction, the foundation should be tamped first, and then the wall can be built. During the construction, the mortar should be full, the brick joints should be connected, and the gray surface should be wiped. The inside and outside of the wall should be plastered to avoid air leakage. The hollow between brick wall layer and layer should not be too large or too small. Generally, the width of the hollow is between 5-8 cm. Hollow CANNOT STAY AFTER ALL, WANT EVERY OTHER 3-4 METERS, CONNECT EACH LAYER WITH BRICK, IN ORDER TO RAISE THE FIRM DEGREE OF THE WALL. Hollow wall can be added with slag, perlite, wheat straw as filler, but also what also do not add, only air insulation, do not add filler hollow wall, must do without cracks. When the brick is open and capped, it is best to cap with mud chaff 30 cm, so that the back wall and the back roof are closely connected, and improve the thermal insulation performance.
Three, buried column, stand roof frame
According to the drawing, determine the position of each column and mark with lime. Dig 30-40 cm deep pit, do the column foot with stone, in order to prevent the column sinking, and then install the cut girder on the back column, the girder tail frame on the back wall or frame on the back auxiliary column, put purlin 3-4 on the girder. The spine purlin is connected at the girder in a straight line, and other purlins are placed at random. In order to prevent the girder from sliding, a small wood block can be put on the girder under the purlin to stick the purlin. Some greenhouses only use columns to support spine purlins.
Four, cover the rear roof
The purlin or rafter is covered with a layer of old plastic film, on which bundles of corn stover are placed perpendicular to the direction of the purlin or rafter. The corn stover is covered with straw or straw, and then a plastic film is laid over it, on which grass mud is spread. The rear roof consists of two layers of straw and straw wrapped in plastic film to form a covering-like quilt. The thermal insulation performance is greatly improved compared with the ordinary rear roof without plastic film. After the roof is covered, the grass mud will be used to the inside of the roof and the greenhouse wall at the junction with strict.
Five, dig cold trench
Dig a trench 20 cm wide and 40 cm deep at the front of the greenhouse.
Six, buried anchor and back roof film line fixed lead wire
In the cold trench at the bottom of a greenhouse equal length of No. 8 lead wire, the anchor is worn on the ground, the anchor is two ends made of ring shaped No. 8 lead wire, according to the arch bar spacing to be buried, every 3 meters, tied on the wire a brick or stick, placed between these fixed objects.
Outside the back wall of the greenhouse; According to the same method to dig trenches and bury the anchor, only the distance between the anchor can be increased to 2-3 meters, buried can be filled solid, the upper ring of the iron anchor exposed to the surface. On the back roof of the greenhouse, pull a No. 8 lead wire, both ends buried in the ground outside the greenhouse gable, buried in the head to tie heavy objects. Use lead wire or nylon rope to secure the lead wire, one end tied to the lead wire, one end tied to the iron anchor buried outside the back wall.
Seven, the roof before construction
After the position of the column is buried, it should be adjusted back and forth, so that the column rows and columns are aligned. The bamboo pieces of 4 meters long are tied together in pairs, and the length should be appropriate. One end is inserted in the ditch, and the lower part of the ditch is tight on the south side of the brick head, and the Angle should make the arch rod vertical to the ground or slightly inclined to the south when it is erected. The beam is tied on the column of the roof before supporting, the beam is 20-30 cm from the top of each row of columns, and the small hanging bay is established on the beam, the upper and lower ends of the small davit should be drilled, respectively through the hole with No. 8 lead wire, bending arch rod, one end of the small davit is tightly tied on the arch rod, one end is supported on the beam, and tied. The upper end of the pole can be inserted above the ridge purlin. After that, the small davits are constantly adjusted so that the same height of the front roof is the same.
Eight, cover the film
Greenhouse film for two or three, with two, its width is 3 meters and 5 meters, with three, its width is 2 a, 4 meters, 2 meters. First, the film of 3 meters or 2 meters wide is rolled back on one side, and then bonded with adhesive or ironed with electric iron into a 5~6 centimeter wide cylinder. The clay rope is installed, and the 3 meters wide is fixed at 2.5 meters from the ground, and the 2 meters wide is fixed at 1.5 meters from the ground.
The film is rolled into a roll, covering and pulling tightly while filling the trench with soil. Nylon rope should be stretched tight, together with the film, in the greenhouse gable buried underground. One or both of the upper films were likewise rolled up, buried at one end against the gable, then spread out at the other end, and buried near the gable behind the head. There are two ways to fix the end of the film near the back roof. One is to fix the spine purlin directly with bamboo and iron nails. Another way is to snap it back into the back roof, after attaching it to the spine purlin with bamboo and iron nails. The WIDTH OF the ROOF after the buckle is about 0.5-1 meters, the more the better, the compaction with grass mud. This method can improve the insulation performance of the back roof without waste film.
Nine, fixed pressing film line
After the film is covered, to use the pressure film line to press it tightly fixed, the pressure film line can be commercially available polypropylene greenhouse special pressure film line, can also use nylon rope or wire instead, but it is best not to. With special press film line for the best. First, tie one end of the pressure film line to the 8 lead wire on the roof after the greenhouse, throw it down from the greenhouse, press it on the film between the two arch rods, the lower end of the anchor ring, pull and tie well.
The order of fixing the laminating lines is first thin and then dense. First, several laminating lines are fixed with large spacing, and then gradually in each.
